Indian Philosophy

Systems - Classification

  1. Vedas
  2. Upavedas
  3. 6 Schools of Indian Philosophy - தரிசனங்கள் / visions
  4. Prasthanatrayi
  5. 6 மதங்கள் - 6 denominations of Hinduism
  6. Later Vedantas - advaida, vishistavaida, dwaidadwaida, dwaida, sudhadwaida, pushti marg etc.

Chronological Classification

Formative Period - உருவாக்க காலம்

Vedas, 6 schools

Expansionary Period - விரிவாக்க காலம்

6 religions, philosophy, upanishad, upavedas, prastanatriya

Period of Buddhism and Jainism

Re-expansionary Phase - மறுவிரிவாக்க காலம்

later vedanta, Matwa, Sankaracharya, Ramanujar

Revival Phase - மீட்பு காலம்

13th - 14th Century Institutions were created - sankara madam - vijayanagara empire, saiva madas, veera saiva cult

Revolutionary Phase - மறுமலர்ச்சி காலம்

Dayanandha saraswati, Ramakrishna Mutt, Gandhi

Contemporary Phase

Chinmaya, Osho, Jaggi Vasudev etc.

Short History

All languages have பழங்குடி பாடல்கள் - tribal songs.
Vedas are form of tribal songs
these talk about cosmic vision & praying together (படையல்)

Foundational Concepts and Foundational questions were finalised during this phase itself

3 different thoughts - 6 Schools of Indian Philosophy

Language evolved after this formative period

Language took over the concepts and this led to a period of HUGE discourse and blowup of vedic concepts - called as Upanishads

These interactions resulted in the formation of Prasthanatrayi - shift towards worship and religion - 6 denominations of Hinduism

Bhagavad Gita - a great amalgamation

Buddhism and Jainism were founded at the end of this period

4th & 5th century were under their influence

Re-expansion Phase - 7th to 13th Century
Sankarar -
700 years after Geeta - amalgamated hinduism
Unified various schools into one - Shanmata tradition - used Buddhist logic to explain Indian philosophy
4 math - Badrinath
- Jyotir Math - Joshimath, Uttarakhand
- Sringeri Sharada Peetham
- Dwarka Sharada Peetham
- Govardhan Math - Puri
Ramanuja
Vishishtadvaita
Madhvāchārya
Madhvacharya established eight mathas (monasteries) in Udupi with his eight disciples as its head along with Padmanabha Tirtha Matha. - Ashta Mathas of Udupi
Vallabha
Nimbarka

Revival Period - Started in South India
Vidyaranya 12th Jagadguru Shankaracharya of Sringeri Sharada Peetham
According to tradition, Vidyaranya helped establish the Vijayanagara Empire sometime in 1336, and served as a mentor and guide to three generations of kings who ruled over it.
Sayana - Sanskrit Mimamsa scholar - More than a hundred works are attributed to him, among which are commentaries on nearly all parts of the Vedas. He also wrote on a number of subjects like medicine, morality, music and grammar
Athivan Satakopan The Ahobila Matha - a Vadakalai Sri Vaishnava monastery established around 1400 CE at Ahobilam in Andhra Pradesh, India following the Vadakalai tradition of Vedanta Desika - is attributed to Sri Adivan Satakopa Swami (originally known as Srinivasacharya).
Meykandar - சைவ சித்தாந்த நூல்களுள் தலையாய சிவஞான போதத்தை இயற்றியவர் - திருக்கயிலாய பரம்பரை மெய்கண்ட சந்தானம் - திருவாவடுதுறை ஆதீனம்

Revolutionary Phase
Dayananda Saaswati - Arya Samaj
Raja Ram Mohan Roy - Brahmo Samaj
Ramakrishna Mission
Swami Narayana
Vallalar
Narayana Guru etc